abrupt

Ab abrupt is an adjective describing a sudden or unexpected change, event, or appearance. It can refer to physical phenomena, such as an abrupt cliff or an abrupt drop in temperature, as well as to non-physical changes, such as an abrupt end to negotiations or an abrupt change in plans. The term can also describe a manner of speaking or behavior that is blunt or curt.

Etymology: The word originates from Latin abruptus 'broken off,' from ad- 'toward' + rumpere 'to break.' It entered English through Old French and Middle English, with early uses often linked to geographical features implying a sudden transition.

Usage: Abrupt implies more than a mere speed; it suggests a sharp, noticeable move from one state to another. In describing people or speech, abrupt can carry a negative or critical nuance, signaling brusqueness or terseness. In geology or geography, it commonly describes steep, precipitous transitions, such as an abrupt slope or an abrupt coastline. The term is often contrasted with gradual or progressive.

Examples: The train came to an abrupt halt. There was an abrupt change in policy. Her response was abrupt and unsympathetic.