gradual

Gradual is an English adjective describing something that occurs in small steps or degrees rather than all at once. It is used to characterize processes, changes, or developments that unfold over time, such as a gradual improvement in performance or a gradual onset of symptoms. The term emphasizes progression and continuity and is often contrasted with abrupt or sudden change.

Etymology: The word gradual derives from Latin gradus, "step," from gradi, "to step." The form entered English in the Middle English period with the sense of proceeding by degrees. The related adverb gradually is formed with the suffix -ly.

Usage and nuance: In everyday language, gradual implies a measured pace that can be sustained over an extended period. It contrasts with rapid, sudden, or abrupt changes. In specialized fields, gradual changes may be described as incremental, creeping, or gradational, depending on context. Medicine often uses "gradual onset" to indicate symptoms that develop slowly rather than immediately.

Liturgy: In Roman Catholic liturgy, the Gradual (often written Graduale) is the chant sung after the Epistle and before the Gospel. It is part of the liturgical book Graduale Romanum and has historically been a central element of the Mass proper. The term derives from Latin gradus, reflecting the stepwise progression of the chant.