rug

A rug is a textile floor covering that is smaller than a carpet and is designed to be portable. Rugs are laid on floors to add warmth, color, and pattern, to protect underlying surfaces, or to define a seating area. They may also be used on stairs and walls or as runners in hallways.

Rugs are produced by several construction methods, including weaving, tufting, knotting, braiding, and flat weaving. Common materials include wool, cotton, synthetic fibers such as nylon or polypropylene, and natural fibers like jute or sisal.

Several traditional and contemporary styles are available. Oriental and Persian rugs are typically hand-knotted and valued for pattern detail. Kilims and other flat-weave rugs have no pile, while shag rugs feature a long, cut pile. Braided and hooked rugs are also common in home settings.

Size and placement vary. Common categories include runners for hallways, area rugs for living spaces, and throw rugs for small areas or accents.

Care and maintenance emphasize regular vacuuming to remove dirt, rotating rugs to equalize wear, and blotting spills promptly. For stains, use appropriate cleaners and avoid aggressive scrubbing on delicate piles. Some rugs require professional cleaning, especially high-pile or antique pieces. Using rug pads helps prevent slipping and cushions the underside, and avoiding prolonged sun exposure can minimize fading.

History and production note that rug making has ancient roots in the Middle East and Central Asia, with distinct regional traditions. Industrialization introduced machine-made rugs and mass production, expanding availability worldwide. Modern rugs range from handmade heirlooms to affordable machine-made options.