handknotted

Handknotted refers to a textile item whose pile is created entirely by hand knotting on a loom rather than by machine weaving. The term is most commonly applied to rugs and carpets, though it can describe other woven textiles. A handknotted rug is finished when the pile height is trimmed and the edges are bound.

How it is made: An artisan sets up warp and weft on a loom. Each knot is tied around the warp threads, forming a row of knots. The process is repeated in alternating rows until the desired pile height is reached. The rows are then compressed and the knots cut, producing a plush surface. The back of a handknotted rug clearly shows individual knots, a hallmark of the technique.

Knot types and quality indicators: Two common knot families are Turkish (Ghiordes) and Persian (Senneh). Turkish knots are typically symmetrical and produce a dense, durable pile; Persian knots are asymmetrical and can create finer, more detailed patterns. Knot density, measured as knots per square inch (KPSI), influences detail, feel, and price. Materials vary and may include wool, cotton, or silk, with a cotton or similar foundation and natural or synthetic dyes. Higher-density knots and premium fibers generally command higher prices and longer life.

Origins and market: Handknotted rugs are historically associated with Iran, Turkey, and other parts of Asia, but production now spans many regions, including India and China. True handknotted pieces result from substantial labor and skilled craftsmanship; price reflects materials, knot density, size, origin, and condition. Buyers should verify provenance and inspect the back and edges to distinguish handknotted work from machine-made or partially finished pieces, as misrepresentation can occur in some markets.

Care and maintenance: Regular vacuuming with care for the fringe and foundation, protection from direct sunlight, and even wear through rotation help extend life. Professional cleaning is recommended periodically, especially for delicate fibers or antique pieces.