pug

The pug is a small, compact dog breed known for its distinctive, wrinkled face, large round eyes, and a tightly curled tail. It has a short, glossy coat that most commonly appears in fawn with a black mask or in solid black. Adults typically weigh about 14 to 18 pounds (6 to 8 kilograms) and stand roughly 10 to 13 inches (25 to 33 centimeters) tall. The breed is brachycephalic, with a short muzzle that contributes to its characteristic appearance and specific health considerations.

Originating in China, pugs were kept by Chinese royalty and later became popular in Europe during the 16th to 17th centuries. They are recognized by major kennel clubs and veterinary associations for their distinctive appearance and companion-oriented temperament. The breed has historically been valued as a family companion and house dog, rather than a working dog.

Pugs are generally affectionate, sociable, and good with children and other pets. They thrive on human interaction and tend to do well in apartment settings due to their low-to-moderate exercise needs. Daily short walks and playtime typically satisfy their activity level. Training benefits from positive reinforcement, though the breed can be somewhat stubborn and responds best to patient, consistent guidance.

Health and care considerations include a higher risk of brachycephalic airway syndrome, overheating, dental issues, and infections in facial folds. Eye injuries and patellar luxation are also concerns. Regular veterinary checkups, daily dental care, cleaning of facial wrinkles, nail trimming, and a moderate, balanced diet help maintain well-being. The typical lifespan is around 12 to 15 years.