oszteoartrózis

Osteoarthritis, also known as degenerative joint disease, is a chronic condition characterized by the breakdown of cartilage within joints. This protective tissue normally cushions the ends of bones, allowing for smooth movement. When cartilage wears away, bones can rub against each other, leading to pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility.

The exact causes of osteoarthritis are not fully understood, but several factors are believed to contribute. These include aging, as cartilage naturally deteriorates over time, as well as genetic predisposition, previous joint injuries, obesity, and certain occupational activities that place repetitive stress on joints. Common areas affected include the knees, hips, hands, and spine.

Symptoms of osteoarthritis can vary in severity and may develop gradually. The most common symptoms are joint pain, which often worsens with activity and improves with rest, and stiffness, particularly noticeable in the morning or after periods of inactivity. Swelling, a grating sensation during joint movement, and a decrease in the range of motion are also characteristic.

While there is no cure for osteoarthritis, treatments aim to manage pain, improve function, and slow the progression of the disease. These can include lifestyle modifications such as weight loss and exercise, physical therapy to strengthen muscles around the affected joint, pain relief medications (over-the-counter or prescription), and in more severe cases, corticosteroid injections or surgical interventions like joint replacement.