maiko

Maiko are apprentice geisha in Japan, most closely associated with Kyoto’s traditional geisha districts, or hanamachi. They train under senior geisha in okiya, or geisha houses, and typically begin their studies in their early teens. Maiko entertain guests through traditional arts such as dance, music (often shamisen), and conversation, in settings hosted by ochaya (tea houses).

Training and progression: The path generally starts with shikomi, performing chores in the okiya; then minarai, during which the apprentice observes performances and gradually learns by watching. After a formal debut known as misedashi, the person is styled as a maiko and continues to study and practice under senior geisha until reaching full geisha status.

Appearance: Maiko wear bright, elaborately patterned silk kimonos with long sleeves, and a long, trailing obi tied in a large bow at the back, a style known as darari. Their hair is arranged in stylized traditional updos, often adorned with kanzashi hair ornaments. Their makeup is white, with red and black accents, and they wear wooden platform sandals called okobo.

Work locations: Maiko primarily operate in Kyoto's hanamachi, notably Gion Kobu, Gion Higashi, Miyagawacho, Pontochō, and Kamishichiken. They perform at venues called ochaya and entertain clients during evening and night events, while continuing their arts training.

Progression to geisha: After several years of training and performance, a maiko may advance to full geisha, known as geiko in Kyoto. The transition typically involves changes in hairstyle, dress, and repertoire, and marks a shift from apprentice duties to broader professional responsibilities in the geisha world.