loden

Loden is a thick, heavy woolen fabric traditionally associated with the Alpine regions of Austria, Germany, and Switzerland. It is known for a dense weave and a short, soft nap on the surface, usually finished in a muted green color, though other shades occur. The cloth is valued for warmth, durability, and suitability for outerwear, and is commonly used for coats, capes, jackets, and hats.

Origin and name

Loden originated in the Tyrolean part of the Austrian Alps in the 18th century. The exact origin of the term is uncertain, but it is generally linked to traditional Tyrolean cloth and appearance. The fabric became closely tied to rural and hunting dress and later became a symbol of Alpine attire.

Production and characteristics

Loden is typically made from virgin wool, often lambswool, spun into a dense yarn and woven into a thick fabric. After weaving, the surface is brushed to raise a nap, giving the cloth its characteristic velvety feel. The color is traditionally deep olive-green, but variations range into gray and brown. Modern versions may use blends or added backing while retaining the distinctive nap and warmth.

Uses and care

Traditional Loden coats and outerwear are its most recognizable products, though the fabric is also used for capes and accessories. Care guidelines usually recommend dry cleaning or gently washing according to manufacturer instructions; brushing can restore the nap, and some finishes may add water-repellent properties. Loden continues to be associated with Alpine craft and heritage and appears in fashion again from time to time.