epoksia

Epoksia is a term that appears in some medical and scientific writings to designate a state of reduced oxygen availability at the tissue level, or episodes of such deficiency. It is not widely standardized in medical textbooks, and in many cases it is considered a non-standard or translation variant of hypoxia. Because definitions vary, readers should consult the specific source for context.

In broad use, epoksia may refer to conditions where oxygen delivery fails to meet cellular demand, leading to anaerobic metabolism, lactate accumulation, and potential cellular injury if prolonged. The term often overlaps with hypoxia, ischemia, or anoxia depending on whether the problem is systemic, regional, or due to oxygen content.

Causes include environmental hypoxia (such as high altitude), respiratory failure, cardiovascular insufficiency, anemia, carbon monoxide or methemoglobin poisoning, and localized ischemia. Acute epoksia from sudden events contrasts with chronic or intermittent episodes.

Diagnosis relies on clinical signs and laboratory measures such as arterial blood gas, lactate, and oxygen saturation; tissue oxygen tension measurements may be used when available. Management focuses on removing the cause and supporting oxygen delivery, including supplemental oxygen and treating underlying respiratory or circulatory failure; severe cases may require advanced support or hyperbaric oxygen in select poisonings.

Prognosis depends on the magnitude and duration of oxygen deprivation and on the tissues affected; timely correction often improves outcomes, while prolonged shortage can lead to organ injury.

See also hypoxia, ischemia, anoxia, oxygen therapy.