elhízottság

Elhízottság, often referred to as obesity, is a complex medical condition characterized by an excessive accumulation of body fat that presents a risk to health. It is generally determined by calculating the body mass index (BMI), a measure derived from a person's weight and height. A BMI of 30 or higher is typically considered indicative of obesity. While BMI is a useful screening tool, it doesn't directly measure body fat percentage and may not be accurate for all individuals, such as athletes with high muscle mass.

The causes of obesity are multifactorial, involving a combination of genetic, environmental, behavioral, and physiological factors. A primary driver is an imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure, where consuming more calories than the body burns leads to fat storage. Lifestyle factors, including poor dietary habits, lack of physical activity, and insufficient sleep, play a significant role. Certain medical conditions, such as hypothyroidism or Cushing's syndrome, and some medications can also contribute to weight gain. Furthermore, psychological factors like stress and depression can influence eating patterns and contribute to obesity.

Obesity is associated with an increased risk of numerous chronic diseases and health problems. These include cardiovascular diseases such as heart disease and stroke, type 2 diabetes, certain types of cancer, osteoarthritis, sleep apnea, and fatty liver disease. It can also negatively impact mental health, leading to issues like depression and low self-esteem.

Treatment for obesity typically involves a multidisciplinary approach aimed at sustainable weight loss and management. This often includes dietary changes, increased physical activity, behavioral therapy, and in some cases, medication or bariatric surgery. Lifestyle modifications are central to long-term success, focusing on creating healthier habits.