Terathopius

Terathopius is a genus of large birds of prey belonging to the family Accipitridae, commonly known as the eagle family. The genus contains two species: the Lappet-faced Vulture (*Terathopius ecaudatus*) and the Cape Vulture (*Terathopius fuscus*), though the latter is now considered a subspecies of the Lappet-faced Vulture based on recent taxonomic revisions. These birds are primarily found in Africa, with their range extending from the southern Sahara to South Africa.

The Lappet-faced Vulture is the most well-known species within the genus, distinguished by its large size, distinctive facial ruff, and long, narrow wings. Adults typically measure between 80 to 100 centimeters in length, with a wingspan of up to 2.5 meters. Their plumage is predominantly dark brown or black, with a lighter head and neck. These vultures are scavengers, feeding almost exclusively on carrion, which they locate using keen eyesight and a strong sense of smell. They play a crucial role in ecosystems by cleaning up dead animals, thereby reducing the spread of disease.

Terathopius species are highly social birds, often seen in groups known as "klepts" or "clans." They are known to engage in cooperative behaviors, such as mobbing predators or competing for food. Breeding occurs in colonies, with nests built in cliffs or large trees. Females lay one to three eggs, and both parents participate in incubating and raising the chicks.

Conservation status varies by subspecies, with the Lappet-faced Vulture currently listed as Near Threatened by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Threats to these birds include habitat loss, poisoning from ingesting contaminated carcasses, and persecution by humans. Conservation efforts focus on reducing human-induced threats and protecting their natural habitats.