eagle

An eagle is a large bird of prey in the family Accipitridae. The term covers several species across different genera, including Aquila, Haliaeetus, and others. Eagles are known for their strong hooked beaks, powerful talons, and keen eyesight, which helps them locate prey from long distances. True eagles typically refer to the larger members of these groups.

Key examples include the bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) of North America and the golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos), which has a wide distribution across the Northern Hemisphere. While both are called eagles, they inhabit different ecosystems, with sea and fish-eating tendencies more common in Haliaeetus species and open-country hunting in Aquila.

Anatomy and senses: Eagles possess large heads, sturdy bodies, and broad wings that enable fast, sustained flight. Their vision is exceptionally acute, aiding them in spotting movement far away. Their talons and beaks are adapted for gripping and tearing flesh.

Habitat and range: Eagles occupy a broad range of habitats, from mountains and deserts to forests and coastal regions. Availability of prey and nesting sites largely determines their distribution.

Diet and hunting: Eagles are carnivorous and opportunistic, feeding on fish, small mammals, birds, and carrion. They hunt by soaring, hovering, or high-speed dives and seize prey with their talons.

Reproduction and life cycle: Most eagles nest in large trees or on cliff ledges and may reuse nests for multiple years. They typically pair for life, lay a few eggs, and raise eaglets with parental care over several weeks to months.

Conservation: Status varies by species. Some, such as the bald eagle, have recovered after protections and pesticide bans, while others remain threatened by habitat loss, pollution, or conflict with humans.