Teilrissen

Teilrissen, in medical terms partial tears, describe injuries in which tissue such as muscle, tendon or ligament is torn but not through its entire thickness or width. This contrasts with a Vollständiger Riss (complete rupture). Partial tears can affect tendons (for example rotator cuff or patellar tendon), ligaments (e.g., in the knee), or muscle fibers. They may be caused by acute overload, a sudden twist or impact, or by chronic degenerative changes that weaken the tissue. Symptoms commonly include localized pain, tenderness, swelling or decreased strength and range of motion; the onset may be immediate after injury or develop gradually with overuse.

Diagnosis: Clinical examination, including tests specific to the affected structure, and imaging with ultrasound or MRI to determine the depth of tearing and whether the tear is on the articular side, bursal side, or within the tendon.

Treatment: Nonoperative management is often first-line for low-grade partial tears and includes relative rest, ice/heat, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and structured physical therapy with progressive loading and range-of-motion exercises. Bracing or immobilization may be used for certain injuries. Surgical options may be considered for persistent symptoms, high-grade partial tears, or when instability or functional impairment is significant; procedures range from debridement of torn tissue to repair or reconstruction, depending on the site and extent.

Prognosis: Healing time depends on tissue type, tear depth, and patient factors. Many partial tears recover with conservative therapy within several weeks to months; some require surgery for full return to function.