Tamarins

Tamarins are small New World primates in the family Callitrichidae. The name covers several species in the genera Saguinus (tamarins) and Leontopithecus (golden lion tamarin), among others. They inhabit tropical forests of Central and South America, including parts of the Amazon basin and the Atlantic forest remnants in Brazil.

Tamarins are compact and small, typically measuring around 15 to 25 centimeters in body length with tails of varying length. They commonly display distinct fur patterns and coloration that help identify species, and they have a robust build adapted to agile arboreal life. Their limbs are strong for leaping and grasping through dense canopy.

Diet varies by species but is generally omnivorous, consisting of fruit, insects, nectar, and tree gum or latex. Many tamarins gouge bark to access exuded gum, an important dietary component for some groups.

Social structure in tamarins often involves small groups that may include a breeding pair and their offspring, with cooperative care provided by other group members. This cooperative breeding system helps in infant feeding and protection. Reproduction can result in twins, a common trait in the family Callitrichidae, with young cared for by multiple adults.

Conservation status varies by species. Habitat loss and fragmentation due to deforestation threaten several tamarin populations. Some species, such as the golden lion tamarin, have benefited from captive breeding and reintroduction programs and ongoing habitat preservation efforts.