Seboroická

Seboroická is a medical descriptor used in Czech and related languages to denote conditions related to seborrhea, the state of excessive or abnormal sebum production by sebaceous glands. The term appears in compound terms such as seboroická dermatitida (seborrheic dermatitis) and seboroická keratóza (seborrheic keratosis). It serves as a linguistic marker linking a condition to sebum-related skin physiology.

Seborrheic dermatitis is a common, chronic inflammatory skin disorder that most often affects the scalp but can involve the face, chest, and other sebum-rich areas. It presents with erythematous, greasy scales and itching. The etiology is multifactorial, with contributions from Malassezia yeast colonization, immune response, and genetic predisposition. It is not considered contagious, and flares may be influenced by weather, stress, and hormonal factors. In infants, a related condition known as cradle cap can occur on the scalp.

Seborrheic keratosis is a separate benign epidermal tumor characterized by well-demarcated, often pigmented, slightly warty plaques. It is common in older adults and generally asymptomatic, though lesions can be irritated or scratched. The term seboroická keratóza reflects historical naming rather than a direct link to sebum production. Treatment is usually cosmetic or for symptom relief and may include observation, cryotherapy, curettage, or laser as desired.

Diagnosis of seboroic-related conditions is typically clinical, based on appearance and distribution. Management varies by condition but often includes regular cleansing with appropriate shampoos or topical therapies, with more targeted treatments for specific lesions or persistent symptoms.