Pattu

Pattu, from the Tamil word for silk, denotes silk fabrics produced in South India. In common usage it refers to a class of handwoven silks used for ceremonial garments, especially sarees. The best-known form is Kanchipuram pattu, or Kanjivaram silk, celebrated for vivid colors, a thick texture, and frequently contrasting borders and pallus with zari work.

Weaving pattu typically uses mulberry silk yarns. In many techniques, the body (kadavu) and border are woven separately on different shuttles and later joined, creating durable construction and striking color-blocking. Traditional motifs include temple borders, floral patterns, and animal or mythological figures.

Pattu sarees are commonly worn for weddings, religious festivals, and other formal occasions in Tamil Nadu and parts of South India. The term pattu also extends to other silk garments such as pattu pavadai (silk skirt and blouse) and pattu veshti (silk dhoti) used in ceremonial dress.

Care and storage: Pattu fabrics require careful handling. They are usually dry-cleaned; improper washing can damage the zari or silk. When not in use, store flat or rolled in a breathable cotton or muslin cover, away from direct sunlight and moisture; avoid folding along the same lines repeatedly to reduce creasing.

See also: Kanchipuram silk; Silk weaving in Tamil Nadu.