Nonsuicidal

Nonsuicidal is an adjective used to describe actions, thoughts, or states that do not involve suicide or suicidal intent. In clinical and research contexts, the term clarifies the absence of lethal intent when discussing self-directed behavior or experiences. It is commonly encountered in discussions of nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI), a term used to describe deliberate self-harm carried out without the intent to die. NSSI is a behavior linked to emotional distress, regulation difficulties, and underlying mental health conditions, and it is studied as both a risk factor and a symptom in various disorders. The nonsuicidal qualifier helps distinguish such behaviors from suicide attempts and from plans or ideation with lethal intent.

The term may also describe coping strategies, symptoms, or thoughts that do not aim at self-harm or death. In clinical notes and assessments, nonsuicidal language can reduce ambiguity and stigma, enabling clearer communication about a person’s experiences and caregiving needs.

Causes and risk factors include mood and anxiety disorders, trauma exposure, difficulties with emotion regulation, and social stressors. The presentation is diverse across age groups, with adolescents and young adults showing particular prevalence in research; however, nonsuicidal experiences can occur across the lifespan.

Assessment and treatment emphasize understanding intent, frequency, and distress, along with safety planning and support. Evidence-based approaches such as dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), and mindfulness techniques are commonly used to improve emotion regulation and coping.

Ethical considerations include precise terminology and respectful, person-centered language. Further information is typically found under nonsuicidal self-injury and suicide prevention. If you are in distress, seek professional help or contact local crisis services.