Mordeduras

Mordeduras are injuries caused by biting organisms, including humans and animals, or by arthropod mouthparts. They range from superficial punctures to deep wounds and carry risks of infection and disease transmission. Clinically, bites are typically grouped by source: human bites, animal bites (most often dogs and cats), and bites by wildlife or rodents.

Common signs include pain, bleeding, swelling, and redness. Wounds may become infected, with warmth, pus, or fever. Specific risks depend on the source: animal bites can introduce bacteria such as Pasteurella; human bites carry oral flora and a higher risk of infection; rabies and tetanus are vaccination considerations in certain exposures.

Diagnosis relies on history and examination of the wound, and assessment for infection or systemic symptoms. Deep, facial, or hand bites, bites in immunocompromised individuals, or those with unknown exposure to wild animals require medical evaluation. Rabies and tetanus prophylaxis should be considered according to local guidelines.

First aid includes washing the wound with soap and water, bleeding control, and avoiding aggressive wound cleaning or closure of contaminated wounds. Medical treatment may involve antibiotics for high-risk wounds, wound care, and vaccines for tetanus or, when indicated, rabies post-exposure prophylaxis.

Prevention focuses on vaccination and responsible pet ownership, avoiding provocation of animals, and using protective measures against arthropod bites. Seek prompt medical attention for any bite, especially if on the hands, face, or in individuals with compromised immunity.