MRE

MRE stands for Meal, Ready-to-Eat. It is a self-contained, individual field ration designed for soldiers to consume in combat or other operations without the need for cooking. MREs were developed by the United States Army Natick Soldier Research, Development and Engineering Center and introduced in the early 1980s, replacing earlier rations such as the C-Ration and the Meal, Combat, Individual. They are widely used by the U.S. armed forces and many allied militaries, as well as by emergency responders and in some disaster relief contexts.

Each MRE is packaged in a durable, heat-sealed pouch and contains a main entree, a side dish, crackers or bread, spread (such as cheese or peanut butter), a dessert or fruit, and a beverage mix. An accessory pack includes utensils, seasonings, salt, gum, napkin, and sometimes chewing gum. A flameless ration heater, using a small water reaction, is often included to heat the entrée without a fire.

Most MREs are designed for long shelf life and variable storage conditions. Typical shelf life ranges from about 3 to 5 years at standard room temperatures; higher storage temperatures reduce stability. Caloric content is generally around 1,200 calories per meal, with a balance of protein, carbohydrates and fats.

Variants and adaptations exist, with different menus to address dietary preferences and operational requirements, including religious or dietary options, vegetarian menus, and limited-sodium versions. In addition to military use, civilian disaster relief, camping, and emergency preparedness groups may use MRE-like meals; however, non-military products marketed as ready-to-eat meals typically differ in labeling and nutrition standards.

Over time, the MRE has undergone nutritional and packaging improvements to reduce sodium, improve caloric balance, and extend shelf life. The basic concept remains a compact, ready-to-eat meal suitable for use in austere environments where cooking facilities are limited.