beverage

A beverage, or drink, is a liquid prepared for human consumption. Beverages provide hydration and can convey flavor, aroma, calories, caffeine, or micronutrients. They cover a wide spectrum from plain water to complex drinks, and include categories such as non-alcoholic beverages and alcoholic beverages.

Non-alcoholic beverages encompass water, milk, juice, tea, coffee, and carbonated soft drinks, as well as beverages created by infusion or fermentation that do not aim to produce alcohol. Alcoholic beverages arise from fermentation and, in many cases, distillation, and include beer, wine, cider, sake, and spirits. Some products are fortified with additional alcohol or nutrients, such as fortified wines or yogurt drinks.

Beverages are prepared and served in diverse ways. Hot beverages include tea and coffee; cold or chilled beverages include water, juice, milk-based drinks, and carbonated beverages. Production methods include extraction and infusion, fermentation, distillation, and carbonation. Packaging ranges from bottles and cans to cartons and tetra packs, and serving contexts vary from daily meals to ceremonial rites and social occasions.

Cultural and health considerations shape beverage markets and consumption. Public health guidance addresses hydration needs, sugar and caffeine content, and alcohol use. Regulatory frameworks cover labeling, safety standards, and quality control, while industry trends include low- or no-sugar options, alternative milks, and sustainability practices.