fortified

Fortified is an adjective used to describe something that has been strengthened or enhanced to improve resilience, safety, or nutritional value. The term is applied in several distinct domains, each with its own implications.

In military and architectural contexts, fortifications are defensive works designed to protect a settlement or installation from assault. Examples include walls, bastions, towers, moats, and planned artillery positions. Fortifications reflect historical strategies and technologies and have evolved from earthworks to stone-and-mortar constructions and, in modern times, reinforced structures and layouts optimized for mobility and firepower.

In beverages, fortified wines are wines to which a distilled spirit, typically brandy, has been added. Fortification increases alcohol content and can halt fermentation, producing sweeter, longer-lasting wines. Common examples are port, sherry, Madeira, and Marsala; production methods vary by style.

In nutrition, fortified foods are products to which nutrients have been added beyond natural levels. This practice aims to prevent deficiencies and improve public health. Examples include iodized salt, cereals fortified with vitamins and minerals, fortified milk with vitamin D, and some margarines or juices. Fortification is often guided by regulatory agencies and labeling requirements.

Overall, fortified describes anything deliberately enhanced to resist stress, improve nutritional outcomes, or extend usability, depending on the context.