austere

Austere is an adjective describing something that is stern, serious, or strict in manner or appearance. It can also refer to things that are plain or undecorated, with a deliberate absence of ornament or luxury. In many uses, the term conveys restraint, discipline, or moral seriousness, rather than warmth or frivolity. An austere style, for example, emphasizes function over decoration.

Etymology traces austere to Latin austerus, from Greek austēros, meaning stern or bitter. The word entered English in the early modern period and has since broadened to cover both behavioral and aesthetic senses.

Uses and contexts: A person may have an austere demeanor, speaking in a controlled, no-nonsense way. A room or building can be described as austere if it is spare and uncluttered. In religious or ascetic contexts, an austere life denotes self-denial and restraint. In economics, related term austerity refers to policy measures that aim to reduce budget deficits, typically through spending cuts or tax increases, which can evoke harsh social trade-offs.

Related terms include austereness as the quality of being austere, and austerity as the corresponding noun. Synonyms include severe, stern, stark, plain, and minimalist, while antonyms include ornate, lavish, indulgent, and luxurious.

Examples: The monastery offered an austere environment with little ornament. The government's austere budget plan prioritized debt reduction over short-term social programs. Her speech was delivered in an austere, measured tone.