Korróziófajták

Korróziófajták refers to the different ways materials, most commonly metals, degrade due to chemical or electrochemical reactions with their environment. This degradation process, known as corrosion, can manifest in various forms, each with distinct characteristics and contributing factors.

One common type is uniform corrosion, where the surface of the material corrodes evenly across its entire exposed area. This results in a general thinning of the material and is often predictable and manageable. Pitting corrosion, in contrast, is a localized form that creates small holes or pits in the material. This type is particularly insidious as it can significantly reduce the structural integrity of a component without obvious widespread surface damage.

Crevice corrosion occurs in confined spaces or gaps where stagnant solutions can accumulate, such as under gaskets or bolts. The limited diffusion of oxygen within these crevices leads to differential aeration cells, accelerating corrosion in the shielded area. Galvanic corrosion happens when two dissimilar metals are in electrical contact in the presence of an electrolyte. The more active metal (anode) corrodes preferentially, while the less active metal (cathode) is protected.

Intergranular corrosion attacks the grain boundaries of a metal, weakening its structure. This can occur, for example, when certain alloys are heated improperly, causing precipitation of corrosive phases at the grain boundaries. Stress corrosion cracking combines the effects of tensile stress and a corrosive environment, leading to the formation and propagation of cracks. Finally, erosion corrosion involves the combined action of mechanical wear and chemical attack, often seen in systems with high-velocity fluids carrying abrasive particles. Understanding these different corrosion types is crucial for selecting appropriate materials and implementing effective corrosion prevention strategies.