Födelsemola

Födelsemola, also known as congenital mole or birthmark, refers to a type of pigmented skin lesion present at or shortly after birth. These skin markings are typically benign and result from overgrowths of melanocytes, the pigment-producing cells in the skin. Födelsemola can vary in size, shape, and color, ranging from light brown to dark black, and may appear flat or raised.

These birthmarks are relatively common, with prevalence rates estimated to affect approximately 1 in 100 to 1 in 400 live births. They can occur anywhere on the body but are most frequently found on the back, face, or limbs. The size of födelsemola can range from small spots to large patches covering significant areas.

Most födelsemola remain stable over time, but some may gradually fade or change in appearance. Large congenital moles, especially those exceeding 20 centimeters in diameter, may carry an increased risk of developing melanoma, a type of skin cancer. Consequently, such moles often require regular monitoring or medical evaluation.

The exact cause of födelsemola is not fully understood, but it is believed to result from genetic and developmental factors affecting melanocyte distribution during fetal growth. Treatment is generally not necessary unless the birthmark causes functional issues, significant cosmetic concerns, or demonstrates suspicious changes prompting further medical examination. In some cases, surgical removal or laser therapy may be considered.

Födelsemola is an important consideration in pediatric dermatology due to its diagnostic and potential health implications, underscoring the importance of ongoing observation and consultation with healthcare professionals when necessary.