Fuchsias

Fuchsias are flowering plants in the family Onagraceae, native to the Andes and parts of Central and South America. The genus includes about 100 species of shrubs, small trees, and climbers, many cultivated for ornamental use. The plants are named after the German botanist Leonhard Fuchs.

Description: Fuchsias have opposite, simple leaves and pendant flowers produced in large numbers from late spring to autumn. Each flower has a tubular calyx with four long sepals and a two-lipped corolla that is often two-toned. Colors range from white and pale pink to vivid red, magenta, purple, and burgundy, with cultivars offering contrasting throats or edges. Flowers are attractive to hummingbirds and other pollinators in their native range.

Cultivation: Most garden fuchsias prefer cool, moist summers and well-drained, rich soil. They perform best in partial shade, though some varieties tolerate more sun in cooler climates. In temperate regions they are generally grown as tender perennials or annuals, often kept as container or hanging basket plants. They dislike drought and heat stress.

Propagation and care: Fuchsias are commonly propagated by semi-hardwood cuttings taken in summer or by layering. Prune after flowering to shape vigorous varieties. Maintain even moisture and avoid waterlogged soil. Fertilize sparingly with a balanced fertilizer for best flowering.

Pests and disease: Common problems include aphids, whiteflies, spider mites, and botrytis in damp conditions. They can be affected by root rot in poorly drained soils. In cold climates most varieties are not frost-hardy and require winter protection or indoor overwintering.

Hardiness: Most fuchsias are not frost-hardy in temperate zones and are grown as annuals or greenhouse plants. A few cultivars or species tolerate light frosts and can be grown as perennials in milder climates (generally USDA zones 7–9).