semihardwood

Semi-hardwood, also written as semi-hardwood, is a term used in horticulture to describe cuttings taken from woody plants that are more mature than softwood cuttings but not yet fully hardwood. These cuttings are typically harvested from the current year’s growth that has begun to lignify, usually in late summer to early fall in temperate regions. Semi-hardwood cuttings are commonly used for many shrubs and some trees; they strike roots more reliably than hardwood cuttings and are often easier to root than softwood cuttings.

Timing and selection are important. Suitable sources include healthy, semi-mature branches with several nodes. Cuttings are usually 4–6 inches (10–15 cm) long, with at least two nodes, and the lower leaves are removed or reduced to minimize water loss. A clean cut just below a node helps promote rooting. Many propagators prefer dipping the lower end in rooting hormone containing auxins to increase rooting success.

Propagation conditions typically involve a well-draining medium and high humidity. Cuttings are placed in a sheltered environment or greenhouse with indirect light and consistent moisture. Bottom heat can improve rooting rates for some species. After roots develop, cuttings are gradually acclimated and then transplanted to larger pots or the field.

Species and success rates vary. Semi-hardwood cuttings are widely used for ornamental shrubs such as roses, pittosporum, and hydrangeas, as well as certain fruiting and ornamental trees. Overall, they offer a balance between the ease of softwood cuttings and the reliability of hardwood cuttings.