Dyshidrotowy

Dyshidrotowy, commonly known as dyshidrotic eczema or pompholyx dermatitis, is a type of chronic skin condition characterized by the development of small, fluid-filled blisters on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet. The term "dyshidrotic" originates from the Greek words *dyshidros*, meaning "bad sweat," reflecting an early belief that excessive sweating played a role in its development, though this is no longer considered a primary cause.

The exact cause of dyshidrotic eczema remains unclear, but it is thought to involve a combination of genetic predisposition, immune system dysfunction, and environmental triggers. Common triggers include stress, allergens, metals (particularly nickel), humidity, and exposure to certain chemicals or soaps. The condition often recurs in cycles, with flare-ups followed by periods of remission.

Symptoms typically begin with intense itching, redness, and swelling on the affected areas. Within a few days, small, deep blisters form, which may rupture and ooze fluid before crusting over. Secondary bacterial infections can occur if the skin is scratched or broken. In severe cases, the condition may spread to other parts of the body, such as the wrists, ankles, or sides of the fingers.

Diagnosis is usually based on clinical presentation, though patch testing may be used to identify specific allergens contributing to flare-ups. Treatment focuses on relieving symptoms and preventing recurrence. Mild cases can be managed with topical corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and antihistamines to alleviate itching. Moisturizing creams and avoiding known triggers are also essential. In more persistent cases, oral medications such as immunosuppressants or phototherapy may be prescribed.

Preventive measures include maintaining good skin hygiene, using fragrance-free soaps, and wearing gloves when handling irritants. Stress management techniques, such as mindfulness or counseling, may also help reduce flare-ups. While dyshidrotic eczema is not contagious, proper skin care and avoiding scratching can minimize discomfort and prevent complications. Most individuals experience some level of symptom control with appropriate treatment and lifestyle adjustments.