Csontelgyengüléshez

Csontelgyengüléshez, often referred to as osteoporosis in English medical terminology, is a medical condition characterized by a progressive loss of bone density and mass. This weakening of the bones makes them more fragile and susceptible to fractures, even from minor stress or falls.

The condition develops gradually over time and often goes unnoticed until a fracture occurs. There are typically no symptoms in the early stages. As bone density decreases, individuals may experience back pain, loss of height over time, a stooped posture, and bones that fracture more easily than expected.

Several factors can contribute to the development of csontelgyengüléshez. Age is a primary factor, with bone density naturally declining after peak bone mass is achieved, typically in the late twenties. Hormonal changes, particularly the decrease in estrogen levels in women after menopause, significantly increase the risk. Genetics, family history, certain medical conditions like hyperthyroidism or rheumatoid arthritis, and the use of specific medications such as corticosteroids can also play a role. Lifestyle choices, including a diet lacking in calcium and vitamin D, a sedentary lifestyle, smoking, and excessive alcohol consumption, further exacerbate the risk.

Diagnosis is usually made through a bone density test, commonly a DEXA scan. Treatment aims to slow bone loss, prevent fractures, and manage pain. This can involve lifestyle modifications, dietary changes, and medications that help rebuild bone or slow its breakdown. Prevention strategies focus on building strong bones early in life through adequate calcium and vitamin D intake and regular weight-bearing exercise, and maintaining these habits throughout adulthood.