Coryphaena

Coryphaena is a genus of large, fast-swimming pelagic fishes in the family Coryphaenidae. It contains two living species: Coryphaena hippurus, commonly known as the mahi-mahi or dolphinfish, and Coryphaena equiselis, commonly known as the pompano dolphinfish. The genus is the sole living representative of Coryphaenidae.

Description and biology

Coryphaena species have deep, laterally compressed bodies with a long dorsal fin that often runs along most of the body. They possess a small head and a relatively blunt snout. In life, they display vivid coloration, with coppery-gold bodies and iridescent blues and greens on the upper surfaces; colors fade after death. They are fast, epochal swimmers and tend to be highly migratory. Their life history includes rapid growth and high fecundity, with breeding occurring in tropical and subtropical waters throughout the year in many regions. They are carnivorous, feeding on smaller fish, squid, and crustaceans.

Distribution and habitat

Coryphaena species are found in warm-temperate and tropical oceans worldwide. They inhabit the open ocean (pelagic environment) and are commonly associated with floating objects, weed lines, or offshore fishing grounds. They can occur at a range of depths from near the surface to mid-water.

Importance to humans

Mahi-mahi in particular is an important commercial and recreational fish, valued for its white, mild-flavored flesh. It is widely harvested by longline, purse seine, and other fisheries and is popular in many cuisines, sold fresh or frozen.

Conservation

Conservation assessments vary by species. Coryphaena hippurus is generally regarded as of Least Concern by major red-list evaluations, reflecting its wide distribution and robust populations in many areas. Local declines can occur due to fishing pressure, but there is no global consensus on a threatened status for the genus.