Bäckenledssmärta

Bäckenledssmärta is a term used to describe pain in the joints of the pelvis. The pelvis is a ring of bones that connects the spine to the legs. The main joints involved are the sacroiliac joints (where the sacrum connects to the ilium) and the pubic symphysis (where the two pubic bones meet at the front). Pain can originate from one or more of these joints.

The causes of bäckenledssmärta are varied. In pregnant women, hormonal changes can lead to increased laxity in the pelvic ligaments, causing instability and pain. This is often referred to as pelvic girdle pain (PGP). In non-pregnant individuals, causes can include trauma, such as falls or accidents, degenerative changes like osteoarthritis, inflammatory conditions such as ankylosing spondylitis, or overuse injuries from sports or repetitive activities. Poor posture and muscle imbalances can also contribute to the development of this condition.

Symptoms typically include pain in the lower back, hips, groin, or buttocks. The pain may be sharp or dull and can radiate to the legs. It often worsens with certain movements, such as walking, standing up from a seated position, climbing stairs, or lying on the affected side. Some individuals may also experience clicking or grinding sensations in the pelvis.

Diagnosis involves a medical history, physical examination, and sometimes imaging studies like X-rays or MRI to rule out other conditions and assess the joint's condition. Treatment aims to reduce pain and improve function. It commonly includes physiotherapy with exercises to strengthen and stabilize the pelvic muscles, manual therapy, pain management strategies such as heat or ice application, and activity modification. In some cases, medication for pain relief may be prescribed.