Bloodhounds

Bloodhounds are a large scent hound renowned for their extraordinary sense of smell and ability to track by scent over long distances and periods. They are used in hunting traditionally, and today are employed by search-and-rescue teams and law enforcement to locate missing persons. A bloodhound’s most distinctive features are its long, pendulous ears, loose facial skin, and a deep, mournful expression. The coat is short and weather-resistant, typically black and tan or red and tan.

The breed traces its origins to the Saint Hubert Hound of medieval Europe, developed in what is now Belgium and northern France. By the 16th–18th centuries breeders refined the bloodhound for endurance and tracking ability, producing the powerful hound known today.

Bloodhounds are among the largest scent hounds, standing about 23–28 inches tall at the shoulder and weighing roughly 80–110 pounds. Their long ears help funnel scent toward their nose, and their highly folded skin helps trap scent compounds. They possess an unparalleled sense of smell and can differentiate and follow a trail even days old.

In tracking work, they use a scent article from the person and follow the trail. They are slow, methodical trackers rather than fast runners; their bay can carry for miles as they work. They are commonly used to locate missing people and fugitives.

Bloodhounds are generally gentle, even-tempered, and good with families when properly socialized. They are independent and stubborn, requiring experienced training and consistent, patient handling. They need regular exercise, mental stimulation, ear care to prevent infections, and ample space due to their size.

Common health concerns include hip and elbow dysplasia, bloat, ear infections, and skin issues in the folds. Lifespan is around 10–12 years.