Bighorn

Bighorn, in the context of wildlife, typically refers to the bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis), a large wild sheep native to western North America. Males (rams) are noted for their characteristic large, curled horns that can weigh several kilograms, while females (ewes) have smaller horns. The coat is generally gray-brown with a white rump patch. Body size varies by subspecies, with rams significantly larger than ewes.

Distribution and habitat

Bighorn sheep occur from Alaska and western Canada through the Rocky Mountains and into arid regions of the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. They favor rugged, steep terrain such as cliffs, canyons, and alpine alpine meadows, which provide escape cover from predators. They inhabit elevations ranging roughly from 1,000 to 4,000 meters, depending on season and local climate.

Behavior and ecology

Bighorn sheep are social animals, with ewes and their offspring forming herds and adult rams often in bachelor groups or solitary outside the breeding season. They are highly maneuverable on rocky terrain and can traverse steep slopes with agility. Rutting occurs in fall, with males testing rivals through head-to-head battles. Gestation lasts about 170 days, and lambs are typically born in spring; twins occur but are less common. Diet consists of grasses, forbs, and shrubs; water sources and high-quality forage influence movement. Predators include mountain lions, wolves, and, to a lesser extent, coyotes or bears. Disease, drought, habitat loss, and wildfires pose ongoing conservation concerns.

Conservation

The species is generally listed as Least Concern by major authorities, reflecting its wide distribution and populations. However, several subspecies—such as desert, Sierra Nevada, and others—are endangered or have recovering populations. Threats include habitat fragmentation, disease transmission from domestic sheep and goats, and climate-related changes. Conservation efforts focus on habitat protection, disease management, translocation, and monitoring population trends.