Babirusas

Babirusas are a group of wild pigs in the genus Babyrousa, native to Indonesia, principally on the island of Sulawesi and surrounding islands. They are notable for their elongated upper tusks that grow upward through the snout and often curve back toward the head.

Physically, babirusas are medium-sized with a stocky build and coarse fur that can range in color from grayish to reddish-brown. In males, the upper canine teeth are especially large, protruding through the snout and often curling upward or backward, a feature that gives the species its distinctive appearance. The face and ears are typically bare of dense hair, and there is a mane-like line of hair along the back.

Babirusas inhabit tropical forests, swamps, mangroves, and other areas with dense cover near water. They are generally shy and elusive, spending much of their time on the forest floor where they forage for food.

Their diet is omnivorous, including fruits, seeds, tubers, roots, invertebrates, and other plant matter. They root and wallow to help locate food, regulate body temperature, and deter parasites. Social structure varies by species, with females and their young forming groups and males often being solitary or forming small bachelor groups outside the breeding season.

Reproduction in babirusas occurs year-round in many populations. Gestation is about 120 to 130 days, with litters typically consisting of 1 to 2 piglets, though occasional larger litters may occur.

Conservation status varies by population, but overall babirusas are considered Vulnerable due to habitat loss, hunting, and limited distribution. Protected areas and captive breeding programs exist to help maintain populations.

The name babirusa derives from Indonesian words meaning pig and deer, reflecting their tusk appearance and the deer-like quality of their impressive canines.