Algerias

Algerias is not a standard term for a country. The proper name of the sovereign state is Algeria. The plural form Algerias is rarely used and generally avoided in reference to the nation. People from Algeria are called Algerians. In most contexts, Algeria, Algerian, and Algerians are used, with French commonly employed as a lingua franca in administration and media.

Algeria is a country in North Africa situated on the Mediterranean coast. It borders Tunisia and Libya to the northeast, Niger, Mali, Mauritania, and Western Sahara to the south and west, and Morocco to the west. It covers about 2.38 million square kilometers, making it the largest country in Africa by area. The capital and largest city is Algiers. The population is roughly 45 million. Official languages are Arabic and Berber, with French widely used in business, education, and public life.

The country is a semi-presidential republic. The president is the head of state and exercises substantial influence over foreign policy and security, while the prime minister serves as head of government. The legislature comprises the Council of the Nation (Senate) and the National People's Assembly. Algeria gained independence from France in 1962 after a long war of independence. The economy remains heavily dependent on hydrocarbons—oil and natural gas—which account for a large share of state revenue and exports, though diversification efforts have continued.

Historically, the region has seen Phoenician, Roman, Arab, Berber, and Ottoman influences before and during French colonization. Since independence, Algeria has faced political and social challenges, including a brutal 1990s civil conflict and ongoing reforms aimed at liberalization and economic diversification. Algerian culture reflects Arab, Berber, and French influences, with traditions in music such as rai and chaabi and cuisine featuring dishes like couscous and tagine.