Átprogramozás

Átprogramozás is a term used for the process of changing the intended behavior of a computer program, a device’s firmware, or another computational system by altering its code, data, or logic. The word combines át-, a prefix meaning across or over, with programozás, programming. In scientific and technological contexts, it denotes modifying a system after its initial deployment to obtain different features, performance, or outputs.

In computing and embedded systems, átprogramozás usually means modifying software after release, such as applying patches, changing configurations, or recompiling and redeploying software. In embedded hardware, it commonly refers to flashing new firmware to update or extend device functionality. In environments with programmable logic, such as PLCs or field-programmable gate arrays, reprogramming involves loading new logic designs to alter control behavior.

Applications of átprogramozás include feature customization, localization, performance optimization, troubleshooting, and security testing conducted within authorized contexts. It also plays a role in hobbyist hardware projects and in research and development settings. In biology, the term is used as well to describe cellular reprogramming, where cell fates are altered to create different cell types or induced pluripotent stem cells.

Challenges and considerations involve ensuring compatibility and stability after changes, avoiding introducing new vulnerabilities, and respecting legal and ethical boundaries, including device warranties and authorization requirements. Proper documentation and version control are important to manage changes and revert to previous states if needed.

Related topics include software patching, firmware updates, device security, and, in biology, cellular reprogramming.