HTML (HyperText Markup Language) is the standard language for creating web pages. It provides the basic structure of a website by defining elements such as headings, paragraphs, links, and images.
CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is used to control the presentation of HTML elements. It allows developers to define the layout, colors, fonts, and other visual aspects of a website, ensuring a consistent and appealing design.
JavaScript is a programming language that enables interactivity on websites. It can be used to create dynamic content, validate forms, and handle user events, enhancing the overall user experience.
Front-end frameworks and libraries, such as React, Angular, and Vue.js, simplify the development of complex user interfaces. They provide reusable components and efficient data binding, making it easier to build and maintain large-scale applications.
Back-end technologies, including server-side languages like Python, Ruby, and PHP, and frameworks like Django, Ruby on Rails, and Laravel, handle the server-side logic and database interactions. They process requests from the front end, perform necessary computations, and return the appropriate responses.
Databases, such as MySQL, PostgreSQL, and MongoDB, store and manage data for web applications. They provide efficient data retrieval, storage, and manipulation capabilities, ensuring that web applications can handle large volumes of data.
Web servers, like Apache and Nginx, deliver web content to users' browsers. They handle HTTP requests, serve static files, and manage server-side scripts, ensuring that websites are accessible and performant.