Django

Django is a high-level Python web framework that encourages rapid development and clean, pragmatic design. It follows the model-template-views (MTV) architectural pattern, a variant of the classic MVC approach, and emphasizes a batteries-included philosophy, providing many features out of the box.

Core components include a powerful Object-Relational Mapper, an auto-generated admin interface, a flexible URL dispatcher, a templating system, form handling, authentication, and session and cache frameworks. It supports multiple relational databases and includes a migrations system to evolve data models as applications grow.

Security and reliability are central concerns. Django provides built-in protection against common web vulnerabilities such as CSRF, XSS, and SQL injection, along with robust password management, user authentication, and testing support. The framework also emphasizes reusability and the DRY (don’t repeat yourself) principle.

Development and governance: Django was created in 2005 by Adrian Holovaty and Simon Willison while working at the Lawrence Journal-World and later released as an open-source project. The name Django honors guitarist Django Reinhardt. It is maintained by the Django Software Foundation and released under a BSD license. The project benefits from extensive documentation and a large ecosystem of third-party packages.

Usage and ecosystem: Django is used to build a wide range of web applications, from content management systems to social platforms and data dashboards. It is valued for enabling rapid development of secure, scalable sites and for its emphasis on readability, explicitness, and extensibility.