väsymismurtumaa

Väsymismurtuma, also known as a stress fracture, is a small crack in a bone caused by repetitive force or overuse. It often develops gradually over time rather than from a single traumatic event. The most common locations for stress fractures are in the weight-bearing bones of the lower legs and feet, such as the tibia, fibula, and metatarsals.

The underlying cause is typically an imbalance between bone breakdown and bone formation. When the stress placed on a bone exceeds its ability to repair itself, micro-damage accumulates, leading to a stress fracture. Activities that increase the risk include sudden increases in the intensity, duration, or frequency of physical activity, especially in sports like running, basketball, or gymnastics. Inadequate nutrition, particularly a deficiency in calcium and vitamin D, and osteoporosis can also contribute to weakened bones and a higher susceptibility to stress fractures.

Symptoms usually include pain that worsens with activity and improves with rest. Tenderness and swelling over the affected bone are also common. Initial pain may be mild and can be mistaken for muscle soreness, but it typically progresses over time.

Diagnosis often involves a physical examination and imaging tests. While X-rays may not show a stress fracture in its early stages, they can be used to rule out other conditions. Bone scans or MRI scans are more sensitive and can detect stress fractures earlier.

Treatment focuses on reducing stress on the injured bone. This typically involves rest, avoiding the activity that caused the fracture, and sometimes using crutches or a boot for support. Pain management may include over-the-counter pain relievers. Gradual return to activity is allowed as pain subsides and healing progresses. Prevention strategies include proper training techniques, appropriate footwear, adequate rest, and a balanced diet.