törmäysmallinnus

törmäysmallinnus is the Finnish term for collision modeling or collision simulation, a field within transportation safety and forensic investigation that uses computational methods to reconstruct vehicle crashes. The primary goal of törmäysmallinnus is to determine how vehicles behaved during an impact, what forces were involved, and which factors—such as speed, vehicle geometry, driver behavior and road conditions—contributed to the outcome.

Collision models are built from crash test data, physical measurements taken from wreckage, and detailed descriptions of the traffic scene. Computer software implements physics-based algorithms, often based on Newtonian mechanics, to simulate the motion of vehicles during the collision. The simulated trajectories are then compared with the actual evidence. When a model reproduces the observed damage and vehicle positions, investigators may accept the model’s hypotheses about speed, steering inputs, or other variables. If the simulation is inadequate, other scenarios are tested until a satisfactory match is found.

törmäysmallinnus plays a crucial role in legal proceedings, insurance settlements, and the design of safety features such as crumple zones, airbags, and electronic stability control. In Finland, the method is regulated and practiced by professional crash reconstruction units that collaborate with law enforcement and the courts. Advances in computer graphics, machine learning, and 3D scanning have increased the accuracy and speed of collision modelling, making it an essential tool for modern traffic safety research.