traumos

Traumas is the plural form of trauma and can refer to injuries to the body caused by external forces as well as to psychological injuries resulting from distressing experiences. In medical and mental health contexts, the term is used to describe both acute physical injuries and the impact of traumatic events on a person’s mental well-being.

Physical trauma refers to harm to body tissues from external mechanical, thermal, chemical, electrical, or other forces. Common mechanisms include blunt trauma from falls or vehicle crashes and penetrating trauma from sharp weapons or projectiles. Severity ranges from minor contusions to severe, life‑threatening injuries involving multiple organ systems. Management emphasizes prompt assessment and stabilization, often using the primary survey approach focusing on Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Disability, and Exposure, followed by a secondary survey and targeted treatment. Imaging, surgical or nonoperative interventions, pain control, infection prevention, and rehabilitation are integral parts of care. In some systems, specialized trauma centers coordinate multidisciplinary teams for polytrauma cases.

Psychological trauma results from exposure to events or experiences that threaten safety, integrity, or well‑being. This can lead to conditions such as acute stress disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, or anxiety disorders. Symptoms may include intrusive memories, avoidance, mood disturbances, and heightened arousal. Treatments commonly include psychotherapy (for example cognitive behavioral therapy or eye movement desensitization and reprocessing) and, when appropriate, pharmacotherapy. Social support and resilience-building are important components of recovery.

Epidemiology and prevention emphasize reducing exposure to harmful risks, such as road traffic accidents, falls, violence, and hazardous work conditions. Prevention strategies include safety equipment, enforcement of traffic laws, fall prevention programs, and access to mental health resources. Prognosis depends on injury severity, timeliness of care, and psychosocial support; early intervention generally improves outcomes for both physical and psychological traumas.