tonertrükis

Tonertrükis, or toner printing, is a printing method that uses dry powder toner to form images and text on paper. It is commonly employed in laser printers, LED printers, and photocopiers. The process differs from ink-based printing in that no liquid ink is sprayed onto the media; instead, toner particles are electrostatically attracted to charged areas on a photoreceptor and then fused to the paper with heat.

The typical sequence begins with the creation of an electrostatic image on a photoreceptor drum or belt. A laser or LED array writes the image by changing the drum’s charge in the corresponding areas. Toner particles, held in place by the electrostatic charge, are then transferred to the paper. The paper passes through a fuser, a pair of heated rollers, which melt and bond the toner to the fibers, producing a durable print. A cleaning step removes residual toner from the drum for the next image.

Toner consists mainly of polymer resin, pigment or dye, and additives that influence flow and charging. Particle sizes are typically in the range of about 5 to 15 micrometers. Printers use black toner for monochrome work and CMYK toners (cyan, magenta, yellow, black) for color output.

Advantages of toner and tonertrükis include high printing speed, strong text quality, good archival durability, and relatively low per-page costs at high volumes. Limitations involve the cost of consumables (toner cartridges), potential toner dust during cartridge changes, and variations in color vibrancy across different printers.

Environmental and safety considerations emphasize cartridge recycling, proper disposal of spent consumables, and minimizing toner exposure during handling.