socioloiju

Socioloiju is not a standard term in English-language scholarship. It appears to be a misspelling or language-specific form of sociology (for example, the Lithuanian term sociologija corresponds to "sociology" in English). In most contexts, it should be understood as referring to the field of sociology rather than a separate discipline.

Sociology is the systematic study of society, social interactions, and social institutions. It investigates how factors such as class, race, gender, religion, and culture shape people’s lives and how collective processes produce patterns of behavior, norms, and change. Researchers employ qualitative methods (interviews, ethnography, case studies) and quantitative methods (surveys, experiments, statistical analysis), often combining them in mixed-methods studies.

Historically, sociology arose in the 19th century amid rapid social transformation. Key early figures include Auguste Comte, who coined "sociology"; Émile Durkheim, who analyzed social cohesion; Karl Marx, who emphasized economic structures; and Max Weber, who linked culture and rationalization to social order. The field has since developed many theoretical traditions, from functionalism and conflict theory to symbolic interactionism and social constructionism, and it continues to expand with contemporary approaches such as feminist, postcolonial, critical race, and data-driven sociology.

Subfields cover social stratification and inequality, organizational sociology, urban and rural sociology, education, religion, crime and deviance, health and medicine, and globalization. Geographic and demographic scope ranges from local communities to transnational processes. The discipline supports policy analysis and social program evaluation, contributing to debates about social welfare, public health, and democratic governance.

See also: sociology, sociological theory, social science research. Note: Because "socioloiju" is not established as a separate term in widely used reference works, readers may want to verify spelling and context against sources in their language.