want

Want is a term used to describe a desire for something not currently possessed, or a lack of something perceived as necessary. In English, want functions as both a verb and a noun: as a verb, one can want something (I want a new bike); as a noun, a want is either a desire or a deficiency (a want for affection; a want of resources).

In economics, wants are non-essential desires for goods and services, while needs are basic requirements for survival. Because resources are scarce, individuals and societies must choose among competing wants. Demand is the subset of wants that is backed by the ability and willingness to pay; when money or goods are unavailable, wants remain but go unmet. The study of wants and needs helps explain consumption patterns, budgeting, and policy decisions.

Psychology and sociology examine how wants arise from needs, goals, personal values, and social influence. Culture, identity, and advertising shape which wants are salient. Maslow’s hierarchy is often cited to show how basic needs can give way to higher-order wants such as belonging, esteem, and self-actualization, influencing motivation and behavior.

Philosophical discussions distinguish between wants and welfare, and between genuine preferences and socially constructed desires. Some theories treat wants as motivational forces that drive action; others emphasize alignment with long-term well-being or rational choice. Usage notes include phrases like “to want for nothing,” meaning to lack nothing, and nuances in strength or formality when using want in everyday language.

See also: need, desire, aspiration, demand.