pony

Pony is a term used for small horses. In most contexts, a pony is defined as an equine up to 14.2 hands (58 inches, 148 cm) at the withers, though some breeds and registries allow exceptions. The boundary between pony and horse is not universal; classification often depends on breed standards as well as height.

Ponies encompass a wide range of breeds with diverse conformations and temperaments. They typically have sturdy builds, thick manes and tails, and strong hooves, adaptations for work and rough terrain. Ponies are kept for riding, driving, and showing, and they can compete in many disciplines depending on training and breed characteristics.

History and use: ponies have long served as working animals, children's mounts, and companions in many cultures. Their smaller size makes them suitable for novice riders, but individual temperament and training are decisive for safety and performance.

Notable pony breeds include the Shetland, Welsh Pony and Cob, Connemara Pony, Dartmoor, Exmoor, New Forest, and the Pony of the Americas. Breed registries define criteria and often maintain separate judging standards from those applied to horses.

Care and health: pony care emphasizes regular hoof trimming, dental checks, and a balanced diet to prevent obesity and laminitis. They benefit from daily exercise and social interaction. Lifespan commonly ranges from 25 to 30 years, though individual longevity varies. Reproduction: mares reach puberty around 18 months to 3 years, and gestation lasts about 11 months.