obezite

Obezite is a transliteration of the English word obesity, referring to a medical condition characterized by excessive body fat accumulation that presents a risk to health. The condition is often quantified using the body mass index (BMI), calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters, with a BMI of 30 or higher classified as obese. While BMI is a useful screening tool, it does not distinguish between fat and lean mass and thus may misclassify muscular individuals or underrepresent visceral fat in others.

Risk factors for obezite include genetic predisposition, dietary habits high in caloric density and refined sugars, sedentary lifestyles, and certain medications. Socioeconomic determinants such as food accessibility, cultural eating patterns, and environmental stressors also contribute. The health consequences are broad, encompassing cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, osteoarthritis, sleep apnea, certain cancers, and reduced life expectancy.

Preventive strategies emphasize balanced nutrition, regular physical activity, behavioral counseling, and, when appropriate, pharmacotherapy or bariatric surgery. Early intervention in childhood and adolescence can reduce the trajectory of weight gain. Public health policies targeting food marketing, school meal programs, and built environment modifications are essential for population‑level impact. Awareness initiatives, screening protocols, and multidisciplinary care models help integrate obesity management within primary care. Despite stigma that may accompany the term, obezite remains a treatable condition when approached with empathy and evidence‑based practices.