makrama

Makrama is a textile art that uses knotting to create decorative objects from cords or threads. Unlike weaving, it relies on a set of knots to form patterns and structures, producing items with varied texture and drape.

Historically, the term makrama derives from Turkish makrama or Arabic miqram, referring to fringed ornaments. The practice is linked to Arab weavers and sailors, who used knots to make utilitarian items such as hammocks, belts, and decorative friezes. From the Mediterranean and the Silk Road, knotted textiles spread to Europe and beyond, undergoing stylistic changes. In the 20th century, macramé experienced renewed popularity in many cultures, notably during the 1960s and 1970s as part of bohemian and DIY movements, and it remains a common craft in contemporary communities.

Techniques and materials: Macrame employs knots such as the lark’s head, square knot, half hitch, and diagonal clove hitch, often combined to form repeating patterns. Projects commonly use cotton cord, jute, hemp, sisal, or synthetic cords; beads or rings may be added for variation. Tools are minimal—scissors and measuring tools are typically enough—though dowels, hoops, or wooden rods may be used as anchors for wall hangings or plant holders.

Typical applications include plant hangers, wall hangings, curtains, lampshades, jewelry, and bags. The style emphasizes texture, rhythm, and geometric or organic patterns, with designs ranging from simple decorative pieces to intricate compositions.

Makrama remains widely practiced across regions and continues to evolve with contemporary aesthetics, intersecting home décor, fashion, and DIY culture.