macramé

Macramé is a textile art created by knotting cords or threads to form decorative patterns and structures. It employs a variety of knots and half-hitch sequences to join cords without weaving or knitting. Typical projects include wall hangings, plant hangers, belts, jewelry, curtains, and accessories. Materials are generally natural fibers such as cotton or jute, though synthetic cords are also used.

The technique has deep roots in several cultures, with knotting traditions found in the Arab world, Persia, India, China, and Europe. It became popular in Moorish Spain and spread to Europe during the Middle Ages and later the nineteenth century. In the Victorian era it was a widespread domestic craft. A revival occurred in the 1960s and 1970s as part of the bohemian and craft movements, and continues in contemporary craft.

Basic knots include the lark’s head, square knot, half hitch, and clove hitch, often combined into patterns. Projects usually start with a base, such as a wooden dowel or ring, from which cords are attached and knotted. More complex forms use grids or spiral knots to create textured surfaces.

Common cords include cotton, jute, hemp, and synthetic fibers. Beads and feathers are sometimes incorporated. Tools include scissors, tape or clips, and a dowel or ring as a mounting base.

Macramé remains a popular maker movement, with online tutorials, patterns, and social media communities. It emphasizes handcraft, sustainability, and customization, and has seen renewed demand for home decor items like wall hangings and plant holders.