lehasadását

Lehasadását, or dehiscence, is the process by which a structure splits open along a defined seam to release its contents. The term comes from Latin dehiscere, meaning to gape open. It is used in biology and medicine to describe intentional or natural opening along a preset line rather than a rupture caused by damage.

In botany, dehiscence refers to the opening of a mature fruit or sporangium to disperse seeds or spores. Many fruits dehisce along sutures or lines of weakness. Common types include loculicidal dehiscence, where the locule walls split; septicidal dehiscence, where partition septa split; poricidal dehiscence, releasing seeds through pores; and circumscissile dehiscence, in which a lid or lid-like segment detaches and reveals the interior. Examples include legumes and other capsules that split along predefined seams to release seeds, as well as some poppy-type capsules that open through pores or a cap-like opening.

In human medicine, wound dehiscence is the rupture or splitting open of a sutured surgical incision, sometimes leading to exposure of underlying tissues or organs. It is a potential complication after surgery and can be influenced by infection, poor healing, mechanical stress, or underlying health conditions. Management focuses on preventing infection, supporting wound healing, and, if necessary, reclosure or additional surgical intervention.

Beyond biology and medicine, dehiscence describes any separation along natural lines of weakness in a material or structure. The concept emphasizes predictable opening patterns rather than random breakage, making it relevant to plant biology, clinical care, and materials science. See also related terms such as dehiscent, indehiscent, and fragmentation.