kuukautensa

Kuukautensa, commonly known as menstruation or periods, is a natural biological process that occurs in humans and some other primates. It is part of the menstrual cycle, a series of changes a woman’s body goes through in preparation for possible pregnancy. The term "kuukautensa" is derived from Finnish, where *kuukausi* means "month" and *verenvuoto* means "bleeding," referring to the monthly vaginal bleeding that typically lasts between three to seven days.

The menstrual cycle usually lasts about 28 days, though it can vary from person to person. It begins with menstruation, where the lining of the uterus (endometrium) sheds through the vagina as blood and tissue. Following this, the body prepares for ovulation—the release of an egg from the ovaries—through hormonal changes. If fertilization does not occur, the cycle repeats.

Symptoms during menstruation can include cramps (dysmenorrhea), fatigue, mood swings, bloating, and breast tenderness. These experiences vary widely among individuals. Menstrual products such as pads, tampons, menstrual cups, and period underwear are commonly used to manage bleeding.

Hormonal birth control, lifestyle factors, and medical conditions can influence the regularity and severity of periods. Irregular or painful menstruation may indicate underlying health issues, such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or endometriosis, and should be evaluated by a healthcare provider if persistent.

Cultural attitudes toward menstruation vary globally, with some societies normalizing it while others stigmatize it. Education and awareness play key roles in reducing shame and promoting menstrual health. Proper hygiene, nutrition, and stress management are important for maintaining overall well-being during this phase of the menstrual cycle.