kozmetici

Kozmetici are products designed to cleanse, protect, perfume, or alter the appearance of the body. They are typically applied to the skin, hair, nails, or teeth and are distinguished from medicines, which claim therapeutic effects. The category includes skincare items such as cleansers, moisturizers, serums, and sunscreens; makeup like foundation, lipstick, and eye cosmetics; hair care products such as shampoos and conditioners; fragrances, deodorants, and nail products.

Regulation and safety: The kozmetici industry is subject to safety and labeling rules that vary by jurisdiction. In the European Union, cosmetics are governed by Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009; a safety assessment must be performed by a qualified person and a responsible person ensures compliance. A product information file must be maintained, and labeling must include ingredients, warnings, batch codes, and allergen information where applicable (for example, certain fragrance allergens). In the United States, cosmetics are regulated by the Food and Drug Administration, with no general premarket approval required, but products must be safe, truthfully labeled, and not adulterated; some claims are regulated by the Federal Trade Commission. Internationally, standards differ, and many countries require safety testing, ingredient disclosure, and post-market surveillance.

Composition and safety: Kozmetici commonly rely on water, emollients, surfactants, emulsifiers, pigments, and preservatives. Some individuals may be sensitive or allergic to fragrances, preservatives, or specific additives; patch testing or selecting hypoallergenic formulations can reduce risk.

History and market: The use of kozmetici dates back to ancient civilizations. The modern cosmetics industry expanded in the 20th century and continues to evolve toward greater safety, transparency, vegan and cruelty-free claims, and sustainable packaging.